Author: Vanessa Ngan, Staff Writer, 2003.
Electrolysis and laser hair epilation are the only hair removal methods that may provide a permanent result.
Electrolysis involves the insertion of a small fine needle into the hair follicle, followed by a small electrical current that damages and eventually destroys the hair follicle. There are 3 different methods (modalities) to achieve this:
- Galvanic electrolysis
- Thermolysis
- Blend method
Galvanic electrolysis
This uses direct current electrolysis, which means a direct electric current is passed down a needle into the hair follicle where it creates a chemical reaction. This reaction converts tissue saline into sodium hydroxide, a caustic agent that then destroys the hair bulb.
Thermolysis
This uses a high frequency alternating current that is passed down through the needle to the hair follicle. The high frequency causes vibration in the cells of the hair follicle to produce enough heat to cauterize the hair bulb.
Blend Method
This combines both the galvanic and thermolysis modalities.
No clinical trials have been carried out to compare the methods and any claims of one method being more effective over the other is based on anecdotal evidence only.
How effective is electrolysis?
Effectiveness of electrolysis is dependent on the skill of the technician (electrologist) performing the procedure. Proper electrolysis requires accurate needle insertion technique and use of appropriate intensity and duration of current. The technician, based on the patient's pain threshold, sets the intensity measured in milliamps, and the duration of the current is controlled by how long the technician presses down on the hand or foot pedal. A common estimate of effectiveness is that 25% of treated hair don't regrow.
Electrolysis is a very slow method of hair removal that may also be prolonged by having to do repeat insertions into the hair follicle. It may take a minute or more to remove each hair using galvanic electrolysis.
The amount of pain experienced during the procedure is dependent on the individual's pain threshold. Topical anaesthetic creams applied one hour before the procedure may help to reduce discomfort. However, it is desirable to maintain some sensation as the pain is related to the amount of damage to the hair follicle.
Who is suitable for electrolysis?
Almost anyone wanting to remove unwanted hair is a candidate for electrolysis. For men and women electrolysis is usually a safe and permanent process of hair removal. However, it is should not be used for patients with pacemakers because it can interrupt the electronics to cause potentially dangerous heart rhythms.
Complications
Some degree of redness about treated hair follicles for a few days is not uncommon.
Potential risks of electrolysis include scarring and increased or reduced pigmentation i.e. brown or white marks.
Secondary local infection with bacteria (impetigo) or reactivation of herpes simplex are also possible complications.
FAQs
This uses direct current electrolysis, which means a direct electric current is passed down a needle into the hair follicle where it creates a chemical reaction. This reaction converts tissue saline into sodium hydroxide, a caustic agent that then destroys the hair bulb.
Does electrolysis really remove hair permanently? ›
Yes. Unlike other hair removal methods that offer a temporary solution, Electrolysis is permanent and is the only FDA approved method of permanent hair removal.
What is the electrolysis process? ›
electrolysis, process by which electric current is passed through a substance to effect a chemical change. The chemical change is one in which the substance loses or gains an electron (oxidation or reduction).
Is electrolysis really painful? ›
Some common myths about electrolysis include: Electrolysis is very painful. For most people, today's methods don't cause a lot of pain, but it can hurt. If you find it too uncomfortable, your doctor may be able to give you an anesthetic cream.
What is a downside to electrolysis? ›
Electrolysis Cons
It's a time-consuming procedure requiring multiple sessions. Skin discoloration is a possibility. The electricity in the device can actually destroy the capillaries in the surrounding areas. It can be very painful. It is not recommended for people with rosacea since the skin is so easily irritated.
Is electrolysis cheaper than laser? ›
Costs. Electrolysis is cheaper on a per session basis, but because the number of treatments is greater, the costs tend to even out. While paying less per session may appeal to many, most laser treatment centers offer financing, so cost tends to be a non-factor.
Why is electrolysis hair removal not popular? ›
Time-Consuming: Electrolysis is more time-consuming than laser hair removal, especially for larger areas. Discomfort: The process involves inserting a needle into each hair follicle, which can be uncomfortable and painful and requires a skilled technician.
How many sessions of electrolysis do you need? ›
“On average, between 10 and 14 treatments are needed for extensive electrolysis in a particular area,” says Green. Each electrolysis session is typically done every four to six weeks. Therefore, the completion of electrolysis treatments can take a minimum of one year.
Is electrolysis covered by insurance? ›
One common question that often arises is whether electrolysis hair removal is covered by insurance. In general, health insurance companies will not reimburse for electrolysis treatments under any circ*mstances, as excessive hair growth is considered a cosmetic problem.
Do you shave for electrolysis? ›
Please don't shave the area prior to your appointment
We're often asked if you need to shave or trim your hair before electrolysis (as you might before a laser treatment). The answer is no – in fact, as you'll read in the next tip, we ask that you don't shave the area at least 3 days before your treatment.
The Greek translation of electrolysis is "to break up by electricity." So electrolysis procedure works by destroying the roots and the follicle of unwanted hairs with an electric current. The end result is that the unwanted hairs do not grow back.
What does your face look like after electrolysis? ›
Most side effects of electrolysis are mild but may include redness, swelling, blisters, scabs, dryness, and ingrown hairs.
Who should avoid electrolysis? ›
Absolute Contra-Indications – Requires a Doctor's Note: Diabetes, heart condition, hemophilia, pacemaker, seizures, transplant, surgery.
What can go wrong with electrolysis? ›
Electrolysis is very safe. Very slight risks of infection (from an unsterile needle) or scarring exist if the electrolysis is not done correctly. These risks are very low if you choose a certified, professional electrolysis practice. You may have a slight reddening of the skin during or right after treatment.
What is the main disadvantage of electrolysis? ›
Electrolysis can discolor skin - It's rare, but if the hair isn't hit precisely, it can cause hyperpigmentation to the surrounding skin. The damage is minor and depends on the skin reaction of each individual. Also, damage can be mitigated by a highly skilled technician, as well as the use of sunscreen.
How many electrolysis sessions to permanently remove hair? ›
Generally speaking, you are likely to require between 8 and 12 treatments. The average time from start to finish is about 12 months. It can take anything from 8 months up to 2 years in some cases. The total number of sessions needed to remove hair permanently from a particular area will vary from person to person.
What is the success rate of electrolysis hair removal? ›
Electrolysis can be expected to kill 50 to 60 percent of hair follicles during any one session. Therefore, you can reasonably expect a 40 to 50 percent regrowth of hair in the following weeks or months (assuming all growing hairs are successfully killed).
Is electrolysis 100% permanent? ›
This procedure needs to be done by a dermatologist or a certified electrologist. Unlike other hair removal options, electrolysis is considered a permanent solution by the Food and Drug Administration. However, for best results, you will need multiple follow-up appointments.
